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Bonsai Beautiful

The Nature of Japanese Garden Art - Fukinsei

Fukinsei

The principle controlling the balance of a composition is always asymmetrical. Its division of space, in either the second or third dimensions of spatial organization uses an irregular division.

Monumental Stone Lantern from Miyanoshita in the third dimension consisting of height, width and depth.

Perhaps it is helpful to consider a comparison between western spatial organization and its eastern counterpart. In much of western practice we have followed a proverbial Greek concept which says "symmetry in all things". We have thereby been trained by our culture to like, in most cases, equal balance, even numbers, radial and bilaterally divided spaces. Such usage seems to us to be regular and proper and involves straight lines and symmetrical relationships.

The eastern concept on the other hand divides spaces in always non-symmetrical ways, producing an irregularity quite opposite from the western practice. The eastern division of space often appears to western eyes to be irregular, primitive, disorganized, ugly and often just plain awry, askew or amiss.

We could hardly be more at opposites in this principle which requires an about-face reaction for the person entering into the NIWA.

White Prunus in spring by Ogata Korin in the second dimension consisting of height and width only and with asymmetrical organization of the space.

 

Contempory sculpture from the Sogetsu School of Ikebana in the 3rd dimension.

 

The Zen Principles which relate to the Niwa
are presented in the following pages:

Fukinsei asymmetry or dissymmetry
Kanso simplicity
Koko austerity, maturity, bare essentials, venerable
Shizen naturalness, absence of pretense
Yugen subtly profound, suggestion rather than revelation
Datsuzoku unworldliness, transcendence of conventional
Seijaku quiet, calm, silent

 

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